Cloud Services Canada | Enterprise Cloud Infrastructure & Migration

Big0 delivers enterprise-grade cloud services across Canada, leveraging Canadian data centers from AWS, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud to ensure data sovereignty, regulatory compliance, and optimal performance for Canadian organizations. From Toronto to Montreal and Vancouver, we provide cloud solutions that keep your data in Canada while meeting PIPEDA privacy requirements, industry-specific regulations, and government cloud standards.

Our Canadian cloud practice combines deep expertise in all major cloud platforms with comprehensive understanding of Canadian regulatory requirements, data residency needs, and the unique challenges of serving users across Canada's vast geography and multiple time zones.

Why Canadian Organizations Choose Big0 for Cloud Services

Canadian Data Sovereignty and Residency

Canadian Data Centers All major cloud providers offer Canadian regions for data sovereignty:

AWS Canada (Montreal): - Region: ca-central-1 (Montreal, Quebec) - Availability Zones: 3 AZs for high availability - Services: Full AWS service portfolio including EC2, S3, RDS, Lambda - Compliance: SOC, PCI DSS, ISO, HIPAA-eligible services - Data Residency: Data stays in Canada unless explicitly moved

Azure Canada (Toronto and Quebec): - Canada Central: Toronto, Ontario region - Canada East: Quebec City, Quebec region - Availability: Paired regions for disaster recovery - Services: Complete Azure portfolio including VMs, SQL Database, App Service - Government Cloud: Azure Government Canada for government workloads - Compliance: FedRAMP, SOC, ISO, Canada-specific certifications

Google Cloud (Montreal): - Region: northamerica-northeast1 (Montreal, Quebec) - Availability Zones: 3 zones for redundancy - Services: Compute Engine, Cloud SQL, BigQuery, GKE - Compliance: ISO 27001, SOC 2/3, PCI DSS - Data Location: Guaranteed Canadian data residency

Why Canadian Data Centers Matter: - PIPEDA Compliance: Simplified compliance when data stays in Canada - Government Requirements: Federal/provincial mandates for Canadian data - Performance: Low latency for Canadian users (Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver) - Legal Jurisdiction: Data subject to Canadian law, not foreign legal access - Customer Trust: Canadian consumers prefer Canadian data storage

PIPEDA-Compliant Cloud Architecture

Privacy by Design in Cloud PIPEDA (Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act) governs cloud data handling:

Data Protection Measures: - Encryption: Data encrypted at rest (AES-256) and in transit (TLS 1.2+) - Access Controls: Role-based access control (RBAC), least privilege principle - Audit Logging: Comprehensive logging of all data access and changes - Data Classification: Tagging and handling based on sensitivity - Retention Policies: Automated deletion per legal requirements - Breach Detection: Real-time monitoring and alerting for potential breaches

Cross-Border Data Transfer Compliance: When data must leave Canada (dev/test, disaster recovery, global services):

• Standard Contractual Clauses: Using cloud provider SCCs for PIPEDA compliance
• Data Processing Agreements: Clear agreements on data handling with providers
• Privacy Impact Assessments: Assessing risks of cross-border transfers
• Encryption: Additional encryption for data outside Canada
• User Consent: Obtaining consent for cross-border data processing where required

PIPEDA Compliance Architecture: - Canadian Primary: Production data in Canadian regions (AWS ca-central-1, Azure Canada Central, GCP Montreal) - Disaster Recovery: Canadian region pairs (Azure Canada Central ↔ Canada East) - Development: Can use non-Canadian regions with anonymized data - Backups: Encrypted backups stored in Canadian regions - Logging: Audit logs retained in Canada for compliance

Government Cloud Requirements

Federal Government Cloud (GC Cloud) Cloud services for federal government departments:

Protected B Cloud: - Azure Government Canada: Dedicated cloud for Government of Canada - Physical Isolation: Separate infrastructure for government workloads - Enhanced Security: Additional controls for Protected B data - Canadian Staff: Cloud operations by Canadian citizens with security clearance - Compliance: Meeting Treasury Board cloud security requirements

Cloud Services for Government: - IaaS: Virtual machines, storage, networking for government applications - PaaS: Managed databases, app services, container platforms - SaaS: Microsoft 365 GCC, Dynamics 365 Government - Security: Enhanced threat protection, DLP, information protection - Support: Canadian-based support teams

Provincial and Municipal Cloud: Provincial governments also have cloud requirements:

• Ontario: Ontario government cloud standards, ServiceOntario requirements
• Quebec: Quebec government cloud policy (French-language, Quebec data centers)
• BC: BC government cloud strategy and standards
• Alberta, Manitoba, etc.: Province-specific cloud policies

Industry-Specific Cloud Compliance

Financial Services Cloud (OSFI) Cloud for Canadian banks, insurance companies, pension funds:

OSFI B-13 Guideline: OSFI's technology and cyber risk management guideline:

• Third-Party Risk: Comprehensive assessment of cloud providers
• Data Residency: Preference for Canadian data centers
• Business Continuity: Robust DR and backup in Canadian regions
• Security Controls: Encryption, access controls, monitoring
• Audit Rights: Ability to audit cloud provider controls
• Exit Planning: Clear exit strategy from cloud provider

Financial Services Requirements: - Data Segregation: Isolation from other customers (dedicated instances, private cloud) - Regulatory Reporting: Systems supporting OSFI, FINTRAC, CRA reporting - Market Data: Low-latency access to TSX, financial data feeds - High Availability: 99.99%+ uptime for customer-facing systems - Encryption: Hardware security modules (HSMs) for key management

Healthcare Cloud (Provincial Health Privacy) Cloud for hospitals, health authorities, health tech companies:

Provincial Health Privacy Laws: - Ontario PHIPA: Personal Health Information Protection Act requirements - Alberta HIA: Health Information Act compliance - Quebec Health Privacy: AMF and provincial health data requirements - BC Privacy Laws: BC health privacy requirements

Healthcare Cloud Architecture: - Canadian Hosting: PHI stored in Canadian data centers only - Encryption: Encryption at rest and in transit for all PHI - Access Controls: Strict RBAC, MFA for PHI access - Audit Trails: Comprehensive logging of all PHI access - De-identification: Anonymization for analytics, research - Consent Management: Tracking patient consent for data use - Integration: HL7, FHIR integration with hospital systems

Cloud Services

Cloud Migration and Modernization

Assessment and Strategy Planning successful cloud migrations:

• Current State Assessment: Inventory applications, infrastructure, data
• Cloud Readiness: Assessing applications for cloud suitability
• TCO Analysis: Comparing on-premises vs. cloud costs (Canadian pricing)
• Migration Strategy: Rehost (lift-and-shift), replatform, refactor, retire
• Phased Approach: Prioritizing workloads, minimizing risk
• Canadian Region Selection: Choosing optimal Canadian regions

Migration Approaches:

Lift and Shift (Rehost): - Moving applications to cloud with minimal changes - AWS Migration Hub, Azure Migrate, Google Migrate for Compute Engine - Virtual machine migration from VMware, Hyper-V - Database migration to cloud VMs (SQL Server, Oracle on EC2/Azure VM) - Quick migration with least disruption

Replatform: - Modest optimization during migration - Moving to managed databases (RDS, Azure SQL, Cloud SQL) - Containerizing applications (ECS, AKS, GKE) - Using managed services where appropriate - Balance of speed and optimization

Refactor/Re-architect: - Rebuilding for cloud-native architecture - Microservices, serverless, containers - Breaking monoliths into distributed systems - Full optimization for cloud benefits - Longer timeline but maximum cloud value

Migration Execution: - Pilot Migration: Starting with non-critical workloads - Data Migration: Moving databases, file storage to Canadian regions - Application Migration: Systematic app-by-app migration - Testing: Comprehensive testing in cloud environment - Cutover: Planned cutover with rollback capability - Optimization: Post-migration performance tuning, cost optimization

Multi-Cloud and Hybrid Cloud

Multi-Cloud Architecture Using multiple cloud providers for resilience and best-of-breed:

Why Multi-Cloud: - Avoid Lock-In: Reducing dependency on single provider - Best of Breed: Using best services from each cloud - Resilience: Surviving provider outages - Regulatory: Meeting requirements for geographic distribution - Cost Optimization: Leveraging competitive pricing

Multi-Cloud Strategies: - Active-Active: Running in multiple clouds simultaneously (AWS + Azure) - Active-Passive: Primary cloud with failover to secondary - Workload-Based: Different workloads in different clouds based on fit - Data-Residency: Using Canadian regions across providers

Multi-Cloud Management: - Infrastructure as Code: Terraform for multi-cloud provisioning - Container Orchestration: Kubernetes running across clouds - Monitoring: Datadog, New Relic for unified monitoring - Cost Management: CloudHealth, Cloudability for multi-cloud cost management - Security: Unified security policies across clouds (Prisma Cloud, Dome9)

Hybrid Cloud Connecting on-premises and cloud:

Canadian Hybrid Scenarios: - Data Residency: Sensitive data on-premises, less sensitive in cloud - Gradual Migration: Incremental move to cloud over years - Burst Capacity: Cloud for peak demand, on-prem for baseline - Disaster Recovery: On-prem primary, cloud DR (or vice versa) - Regulated Workloads: Keeping regulated workloads on-prem initially

Hybrid Connectivity: - VPN: Site-to-site VPN to Canadian cloud regions - Direct Connect: AWS Direct Connect to Canada Central - ExpressRoute: Azure ExpressRoute to Canada Central/East - Cloud Interconnect: Google Cloud Interconnect to Montreal - SD-WAN: Software-defined WAN for hybrid networking

Cloud-Native Development

Containers and Orchestration Building cloud-native applications:

Kubernetes in Canada: - Amazon EKS: Elastic Kubernetes Service in ca-central-1 - Azure AKS: Azure Kubernetes Service in Canada Central/East - Google GKE: Google Kubernetes Engine in Montreal - Self-Managed: Kubernetes on EC2, Azure VMs, GCE - Canadian Registry: Container images in Canadian container registries

Serverless Computing: - AWS Lambda: Serverless functions in Montreal region - Azure Functions: Serverless compute in Canada Central - Google Cloud Functions: Event-driven functions in Montreal - Serverless Frameworks: SAM, Serverless Framework, Terraform

Microservices Architecture: - Service Mesh: Istio, Linkerd for microservices communication - API Gateway: Kong, AWS API Gateway, Azure API Management - Event-Driven: Event sourcing, CQRS patterns - Messaging: RabbitMQ, Apache Kafka, cloud messaging services

CI/CD Pipelines: - GitHub Actions: CI/CD with Canadian cloud deployment - GitLab CI: Self-hosted in Canada or GitLab.com with Canadian runners - Jenkins: Self-hosted Jenkins in Canadian cloud - Cloud-Native: AWS CodePipeline, Azure DevOps, Cloud Build

Managed Services and Database

Managed Databases in Canada:

Relational Databases: - Amazon RDS: PostgreSQL, MySQL, SQL Server, Oracle in Montreal - Azure SQL Database: Managed SQL Server in Canada Central/East - Cloud SQL: MySQL, PostgreSQL in Montreal - High Availability: Multi-AZ, read replicas within Canadian regions - Backups: Automated backups stored in Canada

NoSQL Databases: - DynamoDB: Amazon's NoSQL in ca-central-1 - Cosmos DB: Multi-model database in Canada Central - Firestore: Document database in Montreal - MongoDB Atlas: Available in Canadian cloud regions - Redis/Memcached: ElastiCache, Azure Cache, Memorystore

Data Warehousing: - Amazon Redshift: Petabyte-scale data warehouse in Montreal - Azure Synapse: Analytics service in Canada Central - BigQuery: Serverless data warehouse in Montreal - Snowflake: Available on AWS/Azure Canadian regions

Analytics and Big Data: - EMR: Managed Hadoop/Spark on AWS Canada - HDInsight: Managed Hadoop/Spark on Azure Canada - Dataproc: Managed Spark/Hadoop on GCP Montreal - Data Lakes: S3, ADLS, Cloud Storage in Canadian regions

Security and Compliance

Cloud Security Services:

Identity and Access Management: - AWS IAM: Fine-grained access control for AWS resources - Azure AD: Identity management for Azure and Microsoft 365 - Google Cloud IAM: Access management for GCP - Privileged Access: Bastion hosts, PAM solutions for admin access - MFA: Multi-factor authentication for all administrative access

Network Security: - Virtual Private Cloud: Isolated network in Canadian regions - Security Groups: Stateful firewall rules - Network ACLs: Subnet-level network controls - WAF: Web application firewall (AWS WAF, Azure WAF, Cloud Armor) - DDoS Protection: AWS Shield, Azure DDoS Protection, Cloud Armor

Encryption and Key Management: - Encryption at Rest: All data encrypted using AES-256 - Encryption in Transit: TLS 1.2+ for all communications - Key Management: KMS (AWS), Key Vault (Azure), Cloud KMS (Google) - HSM: Hardware security modules for key protection (CloudHSM, Azure Dedicated HSM) - Customer-Managed Keys: Customer control over encryption keys

Security Monitoring and Compliance: - SIEM: Security information and event management (Splunk, Azure Sentinel) - Threat Detection: GuardDuty (AWS), Defender (Azure), Security Command Center (GCP) - Vulnerability Scanning: Inspector (AWS), Security Center (Azure), Container Analysis (GCP) - Compliance Tools: AWS Config, Azure Policy, Config Connector (GCP) - Audit Logging: CloudTrail, Azure Monitor, Cloud Audit Logs

Cloud Services Across Canadian Cities

Toronto Cloud Services

Ontario and Central Canada Toronto is a major cloud hub with Azure Canada Central:

Financial Services Cloud: - Cloud for Bay Street banks, insurance companies - OSFI-compliant cloud infrastructure - High-performance trading infrastructure - Core banking systems in cloud - Disaster recovery for financial institutions

Enterprise Cloud: - Cloud for Canadian corporate headquarters - SAP on cloud (HANA, S/4HANA) - Microsoft workloads (SQL Server, SharePoint, Dynamics) - Oracle on cloud (databases, E-Business Suite) - VMware cloud for existing VMware shops

Government Cloud: - Ontario government cloud services - Municipal cloud for GTA municipalities - Federal government workloads (Azure Government Canada) - Education cloud for universities, school boards

Healthcare Cloud: - Hospital systems in cloud (OHIP integration) - PHIPA-compliant cloud architecture - EMR/EHR cloud hosting - Medical imaging in cloud (PACS)

Montreal Cloud Services

Quebec and Bilingual Cloud Montreal has AWS Canada Central and Google Cloud region:

Bilingual Cloud Solutions: - French-language cloud interfaces and support - Bilingual cloud applications - Quebec government cloud (French-first) - Cultural sector cloud (arts, media, gaming)

AI and Research Cloud: - GPU instances for AI/ML (Mila research) - High-performance computing for universities - Research data platforms - Climate modeling and scientific computing

Gaming and Media Cloud: - Cloud for Montreal gaming companies (Ubisoft, WB Games) - Game servers and multiplayer infrastructure - Content delivery for streaming - Rendering farms in cloud

Manufacturing Cloud: - IoT and Industry 4.0 cloud platforms - Aerospace manufacturing (Bombardier, Pratt & Whitney) - Supply chain cloud systems - Quality management in cloud

Vancouver Cloud Services

West Coast and Asia-Pacific Vancouver cloud services leveraging Canadian regions:

Technology Sector Cloud: - SaaS company infrastructure - Startup cloud environments - Mobile backend services - E-commerce platforms

Cleantech and Sustainability: - Smart grid cloud platforms (BC Hydro) - IoT for environmental monitoring - Carbon tracking and reporting - Renewable energy management

Film and Media Production: - Cloud-based editing and post-production - Rendering and visual effects in cloud - Content management and distribution - Collaboration tools for production

Natural Resources Cloud: - Forestry management systems - Mining operations cloud platforms - Fisheries and aquaculture systems - Precision agriculture platforms

Cloud Services in Other Canadian Cities

Calgary and Edmonton: - Energy Sector Cloud: Oil & gas operations, seismic processing, drilling optimization - Commodity Trading: Low-latency trading platforms - Geospatial: GIS and mapping in cloud - Agriculture: Precision farming platforms

Ottawa: - Government Cloud: Federal department systems, defense cloud - Telecommunications: Cloud for telecom R&D, network functions virtualization - Cybersecurity: Security operations centers in cloud - Research: Government research cloud (NRC)

Waterloo Region: - Innovation Cloud: Cloud for tech startups from University of Waterloo - Automotive Cloud: Connected car platforms, autonomous vehicle testing - Insurance Cloud: Insurtech platforms - Manufacturing: Smart manufacturing cloud

Halifax: - Maritime Cloud: Shipping and port operations systems - Defense Cloud: Navy and defense contractor systems - Ocean Tech: Oceanographic data platforms - Education: University research cloud

Cloud Technology Stack

Infrastructure as Code (IaC)

Multi-Cloud IaC: - Terraform: Provision infrastructure across AWS, Azure, GCP - Pulumi: Modern IaC using Python, TypeScript, Go - Ansible: Configuration management and automation - Cloud-Specific: CloudFormation (AWS), ARM Templates (Azure), Deployment Manager (GCP)

GitOps and Version Control: - Infrastructure as Code Repos: Git-based infrastructure definitions - Pull Request Workflows: Review and approval for infrastructure changes - Automated Testing: Infrastructure testing before deployment - Drift Detection: Identifying manual changes to infrastructure - Canadian Regions: IaC templates for Canadian regions

Container and Orchestration

Kubernetes Platforms: - Amazon EKS: Managed Kubernetes in Montreal - Azure AKS: Managed Kubernetes in Canada Central/East - Google GKE: Managed Kubernetes in Montreal - Self-Managed: Kubernetes on VMs with kubeadm, Rancher

Service Mesh: - Istio: Traffic management, security, observability - Linkerd: Lightweight service mesh - Consul: Service discovery and mesh - App Mesh/Service Mesh: Cloud-native service mesh

Container Registry: - ECR: Amazon Elastic Container Registry in ca-central-1 - ACR: Azure Container Registry in Canada Central - GCR/Artifact Registry: Google container registry in Montreal - Harbor: Self-hosted container registry

Monitoring and Observability

Cloud-Native Monitoring: - CloudWatch: AWS monitoring and logging - Azure Monitor: Azure monitoring, Application Insights - Cloud Monitoring: Google Cloud monitoring and logging - Log Aggregation: Centralized logging in Canadian regions

Third-Party Observability: - Datadog: Full-stack observability with Canadian data residency - New Relic: Application performance monitoring - Dynatrace: AI-powered full-stack monitoring - Splunk: Log aggregation and SIEM - Elastic Stack: Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana for logging

Application Performance: - APM Tools: Application performance monitoring - Distributed Tracing: OpenTelemetry, Jaeger, Zipkin - Real User Monitoring: Frontend performance monitoring - Synthetic Monitoring: Proactive uptime monitoring

Cost Optimization

Cloud Cost Management: - Reserved Instances: 1-3 year commitments for significant savings - Savings Plans: Flexible commitment-based discounts - Spot Instances: Up to 90% discount for interruptible workloads - Right-Sizing: Matching instance sizes to actual usage - Storage Tiering: Moving infrequent data to cheaper storage tiers

Cost Optimization Tools: - Native Tools: AWS Cost Explorer, Azure Cost Management, GCP Billing - Third-Party: CloudHealth, Cloudability, Spot.io - Tagging Strategy: Detailed resource tagging for cost allocation - Budgets and Alerts: Proactive cost monitoring - Showback/Chargeback: Departmental cost allocation

Canadian Pricing Considerations: - CAD Pricing: Understanding cloud pricing in Canadian dollars - Data Transfer: Minimizing cross-region data transfer costs - Canadian Regions: Slight premium for Canadian regions vs. US - Government Discounts: Special pricing for government entities

Canadian Cloud Compliance

Federal Cloud Standards

Treasury Board Cloud Standards: Government of Canada cloud requirements:

• Cloud Adoption Strategy: GC cloud strategy and direction
• Security Categorization: Categorizing systems (unclassified, protected A/B)
• Cloud Security Guardrails: Mandatory security controls
• Protected B: Requirements for Protected B data in cloud
• Cloud Service Providers: Approved cloud providers for government

PBMM (Protected B, Medium Integrity, Medium Availability): - Azure Government Canada: Meeting PBMM requirements - AWS: PBMM on AWS best practices - Compliance Validation: Third-party attestation of PBMM compliance - Continuous Monitoring: Ongoing compliance monitoring

Provincial Compliance

Ontario: - Ontario Digital Service Standard: Cloud requirements for Ontario government - ServiceOntario: Cloud standards for public-facing services - FIPPA: Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy Act compliance

Quebec: - Quebec Cloud Policy: Provincial cloud strategy and requirements - French Language: Cloud services and interfaces in French - Data Residency: Preference for Quebec data centers - AMF Requirements: For financial sector cloud

British Columbia: - BC Government Cloud Policy: Standards for BC government cloud - FOIPPA: BC privacy law compliance in cloud - Data Residency: BC government data residency requirements

Industry Compliance

Financial Services (OSFI): - B-13 Guideline: OSFI technology and cyber risk guideline - Cloud Risk Assessment: Comprehensive assessment of cloud providers - Data Residency: Canadian data centers for customer data - Audit Rights: Right to audit cloud provider - Exit Planning: Migration plan from cloud provider

Healthcare (Provincial): - PHIPA (Ontario): PHI in cloud must meet PHIPA requirements - HIA (Alberta): Alberta health information in cloud - Provincial Privacy: Each province's health privacy laws - Custodian Agreements: Agreements for health information custodians

PCI DSS (Payment Card): - PCI Compliant Cloud: Using PCI-compliant services - Shared Responsibility: Understanding PCI compliance division - Cardholder Data: Encrypted storage in Canadian regions - Regular Validation: Quarterly vulnerability scans, annual audits

Success Stories: Canadian Cloud Projects

Major Canadian Bank Cloud Migration

Challenge: One of Canada's Big Five banks needed to migrate 500+ applications and 2 petabytes of data from on-premises data centers to cloud while maintaining OSFI compliance, ensuring Canadian data residency, and achieving zero downtime for customer-facing systems.

Solution: Multi-year hybrid cloud migration to Azure Canada:

• Comprehensive assessment of 500+ applications
• Migration strategy: 40% rehost, 35% replatform, 20% refactor, 5% retire
• Hybrid connectivity with Azure ExpressRoute to Canada Central
• Phased migration over 24 months, starting with non-critical workloads
• Core banking on Azure SQL Database, Redis Cache in Canada Central
• Disaster recovery in Canada East (Quebec)
• PCI DSS compliant architecture for payment processing
• Azure Government Canada for regulated workloads
• OSFI-compliant controls, audit trails, encryption

Results: - Successful migration of all 500+ applications to Azure Canada - 100% data residency in Canadian regions (Canada Central/East) - 43% reduction in infrastructure costs vs. on-premises - 99.99% uptime achieved (improved from 99.8%) - Successful OSFI examination with zero findings - Enabled new digital banking services impossible on-premises - CAD $85M annual infrastructure savings

Provincial Health Ministry Cloud Platform

Challenge: Provincial health ministry needed cloud platform for 50+ hospitals and health authorities to share patient data, enable telemedicine, and improve care coordination, requiring PHIPA compliance and Canadian data residency.

Solution: Multi-region healthcare cloud on AWS Canada:

• AWS ca-central-1 (Montreal) as primary region
• Multi-AZ architecture for high availability
• EKS for containerized healthcare applications
• RDS PostgreSQL for patient data (encrypted at rest/transit)
• S3 for medical imaging with lifecycle policies
• FHIR APIs for interoperability between hospital systems
• VPN connections to 50+ hospital data centers
• IAM with MFA for all clinician access
• PHIPA-compliant audit logging with 7-year retention
• Regular privacy impact assessments and audits

Results: - Successfully connected 50+ hospitals to unified cloud platform - Enabled province-wide patient records access for authorized clinicians - Launched telemedicine serving 500K+ remote consultations annually - Zero PHI data breaches or privacy incidents - Improved care coordination reducing duplicate tests by 34% - 99.95% availability for clinical systems - Successful privacy audits by Information and Privacy Commissioner

National Retailer Multi-Cloud E-commerce Platform

Challenge: Major Canadian retailer with CAD $5B annual revenue needed to modernize e-commerce platform with cloud-native architecture, support traffic spikes (Black Friday 10x normal), and maintain Canadian data residency.

Solution: Multi-cloud Kubernetes platform across AWS and Azure Canada:

• Primary: AWS ca-central-1 with EKS for microservices
• Failover: Azure Canada Central with AKS for disaster recovery
• CloudFront CDN with Canadian edge locations for performance
• Aurora PostgreSQL for transactional data (multi-AZ)
• DynamoDB for shopping cart (microsecond latency)
• ElastiCache Redis for session management
• S3 for product images with CloudFront delivery
• Kafka on MSK for event streaming
• Auto-scaling handling 10x traffic spikes
• Infrastructure as Code with Terraform
• CI/CD with GitHub Actions, ArgoCD for GitOps

Results: - Successfully handled Black Friday with 12x normal traffic (zero downtime) - Page load time improved 67% (4.2s to 1.4s average) - 99.98% uptime (improved from 99.5%) - 40% reduction in infrastructure costs through auto-scaling - Deployed new features 5x faster with CI/CD - Maintained 100% Canadian data residency - CAD $180M additional online revenue from performance improvements